Phonograph



E. F. ANDREWS 2,207,706

July 1%, 1940.

' PHONQGRAPH Filed Nov. 10, 1930 7 Sheets-Sheet l (fdwardi 4730 119105.

' y 16, 1940- E. F. ANDREWS I 2,Z07,'70(: v-

PHONOGRAPH Filed Nov. 10, 1950 7-Sheets-Sheet 2 Ida/c00 26760 723205 16,1940. E AN vs 2,207,706

PHONOGRAPH Filed Nov. 10, 1950 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jvzvanimala/4rd JMewsJilly 16, 1940- E. F. ANDREWS 2,207,706 5 1 PHONOGRAPH .Fiiedflov. 10.1950 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 July l6, 1940. E. F. ANDREWS 1 5 0 PHONOGRAPHFiled Nuv. 10, 1930 7 Sheets-She et 5 w Wi E 053 y 15, 1940- E. F.ANDREWS 2,207,706

- PHONQGRAPH Filed Nov. 10, 1930 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 W-MIM d133,;

July 16, 1940. E. F. ANDREWS PHONOGRAPH Filed Nov. 10, 1930 7Sheets-Sheet 7 x @N SW Patented July 16, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE PHONOGRAPH Edward F. Andrews, Chicago, Ill. Application Name; 10,1930, Serial No. 494,560

62 Claims.

This invention relates to phonographs, and particularly to phonographsin which a series of records may be played, and played records areautomatically removed from the turntable.

One of the objects of the inventionis to provide an improved automaticphonograph.

A further object of the invention is to provide a phonograph in whichthe player arm is adaptedto remove a played record, and thereafter tobecome returned to initial playing position for playing a second record.

A further object of the invention is to provide a phonograph havingautomatic means of raising and lowering the player arm and automaticmeans for causing the arm to move transversely over the turntable, suchmeans being coordinated so thata played record is removed and the playerarm returned to initial. playing position with respect to a secondrecord.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic phonographin which a played record is removed from the turntable by the action ofthe motor which drives the turntable.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic phonographin which'a record is adapted to be removed from the turntable by meansof a spring energized by the turntable motor. I

A further object of the invention is-to provide an automatic phonographin which the player arm is adapted to engage the record, and is actuatedby the turntable motor to remove the record from the turntable andsimultaneously energize a spring which is adapted to return the playerarm to initial playing position.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for locating thereturned player arm. at initial playing position-and to provide means0.. adjustment to adapt the phonograph forplaying records of differentsizes.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic phonographin which a record is adapted to be removed from a turntable by means ofthe player arm, the mechanism for actuating the player arm beingconcealed from view.

-A further object of the invention is to providea phonograph turntablehaving a record centermeans for removing superimposed records from aturntable in succession in which the removing member is adjustedseparately for each record removal and is independent of cumulativeerror arising from variations of thickness of the records. I

A further object of the invention is to provide a record removing memberadapted to enter the opening of a record and having means cooperatingwith the face of the record to limit its entrance thereinto.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a phonograph, acentering pin havinga convex end and a record removing member havingmeans for limiting its entrance into a record so that records of variousthicknesses may be removed thereby.

A further object of the invention is to provide a table for supporting aseries of records, having .a centering pin depressible from above, and arecord removing member adapted to enter the opening of a record anddepress the pin, said member having means limiting its entrance into therecord opening, and said pin having a convex end to permit removal ofrecords of various thicknesses.

A further object of the invention is to provide a stylus head andsuspended member adapted to cooperate with a record when'applied to thecenter thereof, said member being adapted to be displaced by therotation oi. the record when applied to same adjacent the edge thereof.-

Other objects, advantages and capabilities of the invention will appearfrom the following description thereof, taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a segmental, plan view 01' a phonograph embodying theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on a largerscale, taken on the line 22 ofFig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail view taken on the line 4-4 of'Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on a larger scale, taken on the line 5--5 ofFig. 4.

' Fig. 6 is a similar sectional view taken on the line B6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. Us a fragmentary end view of the stylus head and associated parts,the records being partly broken away to disclose thecooperation of therecord changing pin with the top record.

Fig. 3 is an elevational detail view showing the stylus head in playingrelation.

modified form of phonograph, the player arm being shown in elevatedposition over the center of the records; and

Fig. 10 is a sectional plan view of the machine shown in Fig. 9, theposition of the parts corresponding to the commencement of playing of arecord.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 8 of the drawings, I provide a combined tone orplayer arm and record changer i! for a phonograph I3. This combinedplayer arm and record changer is swingably supported above a turntable19 by means of a bearing post or support member 2i which is secured to amotor board 22 adjacent the turntable it by means of screws 23, and isprovided at its free end with the usual pick-up or stylus supportingmember 2i carrying a needle 25 for playing records 26 supported on theturntable is.

The records 25, as shown in Fig. 2, maybe stacked on the turntable i9and are held thereon by a depressible pin 27 engaging in the centralapertures 28 of the records and slidaloly carried' in a longitudinalbore or hole 29 of a shaft or spindle 3i which rotates with a hub or conmotor 32, secured to the under side of the turntable i3 by any suitablemeans such as rivets 33. The pin 21 is provided with means whichmaintain it in record engaging position until it is moved during therecord-removing operations in the manner hereinafter described. Suchmeans may suitably comprise a plunger 54 slidable in a tube 54a mountedtransversely in the pin 21 so that the plunger 5d is pressed against thebore 29 of the shaft 3! by a spring 54b. It must be understood that thismeans is exemplary only since other suitable means may be employed forthis purpose.

The end-of the tone or playing arm ll remote from the pick-up 25 ispivotally secured, as at 34,

the playing arm I I, the playing arm being swingable about the axis ofthe hollow shaft 36 in playby the reference character 33. This operatingassembly 33 is carried by amounting plate 39 preferably on the undersideof the motor board 22, for example by bolts 4!, to avoid. marring theouter appearance of the motor board and to facilitate driving theoperating assembly by compact vand direct connections with the drivingmeans. The motor-board is preferably resiliently supported in a suitablecabinet.

The operating assembly 38 actuates a bell crank lever 42 journaled asshown in Figs. 2 and 3, on I a pin or bolt 43 supported by lugs orbrackets 45 depending from the motor board. The bell crank lever servesto raise and lower a link or spindle .45, the lower end of which isengaged in a slot or recess 46 in an arm 41 of the lever 42. At itslower end the spindle 45 is provided with a pinlike extension 45a whichmaintains it in engagement with thebell-crank lever 42. The link orspindle 45 extends upwardly through the hollow shaft 36, and its upperend is pivoted at 48 to the playing arm II for raising and lowering thearm.

When the playing arm is raised upon the coming position at the edge ofthe record, as will be hereinafter described, the bridge member 49 iscarried forwardly by the movement of the record to permit the needle tocontact with the record surface as shown in Fig. 8. This bridge member49 carries a brush or soft member 52 which rests upon the record whileplaying, preventing the bridge member from engaging and scratching therecord or producing a sound interfering with the reproduced'sound, andcleaning the record.

After the player arm is raised upon the completion of a record, it isthen swung to the center of the record by means of the arm 31 rotatingthe hollow shaft 35. In this position the player arm is permitted tofall and a pin or finger 53 projecting as shown in Fig. '7, from thebridge member 49 below the needle 25 strikes the depressible pin 21 anddepresses same sufliciently to permit the top record to be movedlaterally to remove same from the turntable. The pin 21 is preferablyhollow and is provided with an aperture ord removing member ispositioned separately with respect to each record which is to be removedand is independent of variations in record thickness which might have acumulative effect.

The pin 53, projecting from bridge member 45 is of a lengthsubstantially less than the thickness of the thinnest record to beplayed so that, when a played record is being removed, the pin 53 willnot mar the sound track of the succeeding record.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 7, the depressible pin 21 is provided with aconvex surface onv its upper end.

Thus, although pin 53 may be substantially shorter than the thickness ofa record to be removed, the record is easily removed and pin 21' ispushed down below the lowerface of the record being removed by thecombined weight of the record and player arm. It will readily be understood that the combined lengths of the pin 53 and the convex end of thepin can be readily arranged topermit records. of a wide range ofthickness to be played and removed without adjustment of the machine.The lower face of pin 53 is preferably slightly convex to preventmarringthe top surface of the last record when it is being repeated.When records are placed on the turntable It! for playing, the pin 21 ispulled out to the desired extent and the records are applied to thetable with the pin 21 passing through the openings 28 therein.

The player arm, upon the engagement of the pin 53 in the recordaperture, sweeps the record from the turntable and the record isdeposited in a, record receiver or magazine 56 adjacent the motor board22, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. After the record has been deposited inthe magazine the player arm is returned to a starting position nysuitable means. Preferably, however, I,

drive the assembly 38 from a drive shaft 51 jour-' naled at one end inthe motor board and at the other end in the plate 39 and carrying a gear58 for enmeshing with a gear 59 carried by and rotating with the shaft3|, whereby the drive shaft 51 may be driven by or with the turntable.The drive shaft 51-also carries a gear 6| enmeshing with a gear 82mounted for free rotation on a shaft 63 joumaled in bearings 64supported in the motor board 22 and the plate 39 for driving theassembly 38. See Figs. 2, 3 and 5.

The gear 62 is rigidly mounted on a sleeve which is rotatably supportedon a shoulder 66 of a bushing 61 fixed or keyed on the shaft 63. Anotched wheel 68 having a plurality of notches or slots 69 therein atits periphery is also rigidly carried by the sleeve '65 so that itrotates with the gear 62 from which it is separated by a disc 1 I. Thenotched wheel 68 is connectable in driving relation with the shaft 63 bymeans of a spring pressed pawl 12 pivoted at 13 to a disc 14 which iskeyed or otherwise rigidly fixed to the shaft 63. A cam 15 spaced abovethe disc 14 by a spacing sleeve 18 on the shaft 63 and a cam 11 locatedadjacent the plate 39 and engaged by the bushing 61, are also keyed orotherwise rigidly mounted upon the shaft 63, so that, when the end 18 ofthe pawl 12 engages in a slot 69 of the notched wheel, the shaft-63 ispositively driven from the shaft 3|.

The pawl 12 is actuated by a spring 19 on the disc 14, which tends topress the pawl into engagement with the notched wheel 68. It is held outof engagement with the notched wheel 68 while the record is being playedby a pin 8| depending from a slidable bar 82. This bar 82 is bifurcatedas at 83 to slidingly engage in a groove 84 in the spacing sleeve 18 andhas a slot 85 at its other end to slidingly engage an end of a stud orrod 86 upstanding from the plate 39. Intermediate its ends the bar 82 isprovided with a second depending pin 81 to which an end of a spring 88is secured, the other end of the spring being secured to the stud 86. 88is adapted to retract the bar 82 carrying the pin 8| to release the pawl12 and clutch the driving gear 62 to the shaft 63 at the end of theplaying of a record.

The slidable bar 82 is held in the forward position during the firstpart of the playing of a record by the engagement of a pin 89 upstandingfrom the bar with a cam surface 9| of a sector carried by the arm 31,and suitably pro vided in the. sector by an arcuate slot 9| therein, andduring the latter part of the playing of the record, by the engagementbetween a pawl 92 pivoted on the bar 82 and the outer edge 93 of thesector. A spring 95 carried by the bar 82 presses a finger or projection96 at the side of the pawl 92 opposite the projection 94 against a stopor pin 91 on the bar for holding the projection 94 against the edge 93of the arm 31 to hold the-lever in the forward position until the recordis played. It will readily be understood from Fig. 5, that the pin 91provides a positive abutment for the finger 96 when the arm 31 is movingin a clockwise direction during the playing of a record.

As the player arm |1 swings toward the center of a record the arm 31swings with it. If the record is one ending in a spiral groove theslidable bar 82 is held in the forward position until the sector arm 31has moved to such a position that the projection 94 of the pawl 92 isclear of the outer edge 98 of the sector arm 81, where- The spring 1upon the slidable bar 82 and pin 8| thereon are retracted by the spring88, permitting the pawl 12 to enter into driving engagement with thenotched wheel 68. The end 93' of the edge 93 of the sector arm 31 is insuch position relative 5 to the player arm 11 that the projection 94 ofthe pawl 92 clears the edge 93 when player arm I1 is substantially atthe inner end of the spiral groove of the played record.

If the record being played is of the type shown '1 in Figure l, which isprovided with an eccentric groove at the end of the playing portion ofthe record, the sector arm 31 will oscillate with the player arm |1after the record is played. The projection 94,00: the pawl 92, is 15held in engagement with edge 93 of sector arm 31, by the spring 88, andthe pin 89, on the slidable bar 82, is in the enlarged portion of thecamslot 9|, provided by the cut away cam. surface 98, when thisoscillation of the player arm |1 and the sector arm 31 commences. Whenthe sector arm 31 moves counter-clockwise, as viewed in Fig. 5, thesurface 93 is in frictional engage-.

ment with the projection 94 of the pawl 92 and turns the pawl 92clockwise on its pivot against 25 p the tension of the spring 95. Asshown in Figure 5, the normal position of the pawl 92 is such that theprojection 94 of the pawl 92 is perpendicular tothe tangent at the pointof contact between the projection 94 and the edge 93 of 30 the sectorarm 31. When the pawl 92 is rotated clockwise, as above described, thiscondition is destroyed and, due to the spring 88, the slidable bar 82 isretracted until the central portion- 92' of the pawl 92 contacts withthe edge 93 of the sector arm 31, thus permitting the pawl 12 to enterinto driving engagement with the notched wheel 68, as heretoforedescribed.

When the player arm is returned to the initial playing position, the pin89 enters the slot 9|. 4D

The contact of the pin with the cam surface 98 forces the bar 82forwardly to the position to raise the pawl 12 out of engagement withthe notched wheel 68. The advancement of the bar 82 enables the pawl 92to resume the position 45 When the pin enters the 60 the contact of thepawl with the pin 91, such 55 abutment is positive during playing.

The retraction of the bar 82 moves the pin 8| on the bar from its pawldogging position and the spring 19 turns the pawl 12 about its pivot 13until the end 18 of this pawl engages in a slot 80 69 of the notchedwheel 68, locking the notched wheel to the disc 14 for driving the discand the shaft 63 carrying the disc. When the shaft 63 begins to rotateat the end of a record, the cams 15 and 11 rotate with it. A roller orcam fol- 5 lower 99 carried on the lever |0| is forced outwardly by arise "12 in the cam 11, the lever |0| being bifurcated as at I03 toslidingly engage in a groove I04 of the bushing 61 and having its otherend pivotally secured to the bell 70 crank lever 42 for actuating thelever 42. The cam follower 9'9 moved .rearwardly by the rise I82 of thecam, causes the lever |0| to turn the bell crank lever about its pivotbolt 43 whereby to raise the player arm through the medium of the link65 about the player arm pivot 34 until the needle 25 rises substantiallyabove the top record 26. 1

Meanwhile. a roller or cam follower l 03 depend- 5 ing from an arm I06bifurcated as at I? to slidably engage a groove in a spacing sleeve I106on the shaft 63 is following a cam dwell I09 of the cam 55, the camdwell H09 terminating at a cam fall H0 which is engaged by the followerI when the player arm has been raised by the rise 802 of the cam 11. Theend of arm I 0t opposite the bifurcated end i0? is pivotally secured toa spring actuated disc Hi as at I I2, rotatably mounted by a hub I I3 ona depending portion of the tone arm support 2i. cured at one end to astud H5 depending from the motor board 22 and at its other end to aresilient arm or strap H1, which is secured to a stud or projection H6depending from the disc Hi. This spring maintains the arm I06 forward tokeep the cam follower I05 against the cam 75. As shown in Figs. 2 and 5,a sleeve or bushing II8 carried at the lower end of the hollow shaft 36maintains the strap H1 away from the axis of the disc HI so that it mayapply an effective torque upon the pin I I6 when it is in the positionshown in Fig. 5.

When the player arm has been raised by the a record, the cam 15 hasrotated to the position at which the cam follower 05 is adjacent the camfall H0. During further rotation of the cams IT and I5, the cam follower99 rides on a .cam dwell H9 which holds the playing arm in the raisedposition while the lever I06 is urged forwardly under the action of thespring actuated disc Hi, the follower I05 riding on the cam fall IIO.This rotation of the disc III is communicated to the arm 3'7 by means ofa pin I2I projecting downwardly from the disc I I i, the arm 31 beingswung thereby in a clockwise direction, as viewed from above. 1

When the follower I05 reaches a cam dwell I22 at'the end of the fall I60, the playing arm I1 is located centrally of the record. At thisposition the pin or projection 53 on the lug 09 is just above thedepressible pin 2? at the center of the turntable and the cam Tl hasrotated until the follower 99 is at the end of the cam dwell II9.Further rotation of the shaft 63 "enables the follower 99 on the leverIM to follow the cam fall I23, the lever IOI being forced forwardly bythe weight of the player arm I1 acting through the link and bell cranklever 42 so as to cause the follower '99 to cooperate with the cam IT.The speed of descent of the player arm I! is governed by the degree oftaper of cam fall I23 on cam TI and is arranged so that the depressiblepin 21 is given a blow to depress same. When the player arm I1 is thuslowered, the pin 53 of the bridge member 49 enters the opening 28 of thetopmost record 26 and depresses the pin 21 in the manner describedabove. After the arm I? has been lowered, the cam follower I05 on thelever I06 clears the cam dwell I22, abruptly releasing the lever I06 andpermitting the spring M4 to rotate the disc III, carrying the camfollower I05 past the cam fall I24 towards the cam surface HI.

As the disc I II rotatesunder the action of the spring. I I6, the pinI2! engages the arm 31 and rotates it together with the player arm I1 soas to swing the topmost record toward the magazine 56. During the timethe played record is being swept off the turntable the weight of the Aspring IE4 is s'e,

cam rise I02 of the cam i1 after the playing of' ter-clockwise movementof disc III.

tone arm is on the record being removed, thus tending to stop theturntable due to the frictional drag between the record being removedand the succeeding record. To reduce this to a minimum thecounterbalancing spring I20 carried by the pivot shaft'3fl is provided.The spring i20 also provides that the correct pressure is on the playingneedle for properreproduction of the record. During this swinging orrecord sweeping movement of the playing arm,'the cam follower 99 isopposite or in contact with a short cam dwell 829 of the cam 11. Asshown in Fig.

4, the removed record overbalances at the edge.

of the turntable adjacent the magazine 56 and tilts downwardly to slideinto the magazine, this being a simple manner of disposal.

After the dwell I29 has passed the cam follower 99, the latter engages arise I3! which raises the player arm I! to its highest positionsubstantially above any unplayed records on the'turntable. When removingthe played record, the

playing arm is swung to its extreme position by the spring N4, the armbeing stopped by the engagement of a pin I32, depending from the arm 31,with a resilient or yieldable member I33 mounted on a stud I34 dependingfrom the motor board 22. The resilient friction member I33 is shown as abifurcated member having arms I35 yieldingly separable bythe pin I32whereby to stop the playing arm gradually and without shock.

The pin I32 extends through the arm 31 and carries at its upper end apawl I36 having an end I31 engageable in a notch or slot I38 in thedrive disc II I and pressed against the edge of the disc by a spring I39mounted upon the arm 31. by the spring H6, the notch I38 rotates past orinto engagement with the end I31 before the pin I2I engages the arm 3'!to swing the playing arm I36 in the notch I38.

During the initial rotation of the disc III The method of attachingspring II! to the rotating disc III is such as to reduce the powerrequired to tension the spring during the coun- The spring H4 exerts thegreatest torque on disc II I when player-arm I I is positioned at*thecenter of the played record. The proper placement vof stud II6, on discIII, and stud II5, on motor board 22, together with the resilient strapII! and bushing 6, carried at the lower end of shaft 36, combine to.provide this result. With the player arm I1 over the center ofthe-record the pin II 6 is in such position that resilient strap I I1 isat a tangent to the radius on which pin II6 travels. As the player armis moved towards the initial playing position the efiective radius iboard'22.

ly from an adjustably mounted ring I45 engages the pawl I36 anddisengages the end I31 of the pawl from the notch I38 in the disc III,thus terminating the return of the player arm. During the return of theplayer arm, the arm 31 cooperates with the pin 89 and pawl 92 in themanner described above to move the bar 82 into its forward position and'bring the pin 8| into a position to engage the pawl 12 when it arrivesat its initial location after a complete revolution of the shaft 63.After the follower I85 has passed over the cam rise I42 and rests uponthe cam dwell I89; which corresponds with the maximum rotation of thedisc III, the follower 89 travels 15 over a cam fall I46 towards a camdwell I41,

thus lowering the arm I1 until the stylus coopcrates with the track ofthe record and playing is resumed. At this point of time orimmediately-thereafter, the pawl 12 has completedone revolution aroundthe shaft 63 and comes into engagement with the pin 8I of the bar 82,which, as indicated above, has alreadyv been moved forward by the arm.31. The engagement between the pin 8I and the pawl 12 interrupts thedrive 'of the cams 15 and 11 until, at the end of the playing of arecord, the pawl 92 is released to permit the bar 82 to move once moreinto its retracted position.

The ring I is provided with a hub I49 which enters an opening in themotor board 22 around nut I58 and may readily be adjusted to desiredposition in the slot I53. It will readily be understood that adjustmentof the pin I52 changes the position of the pin I43 and thus controls thereturned position of the arm 31 to adapt it for records of desired size.The depressibe center pin 21 is of such length, relative to the lengthof bore 28 in shaft 3|, that it projects above the surface of theturntable, substantially the thick- 5 ness of a record, when in itsextreme lowest position. Thus, although the pin 53 comes down on the pin21, it cannot depress it below the last record. Thus the last record isnot removed but is played repeatedly until the machine is stopped. Ifdesired, the cam dwell I29 may be'located ment of the player arm.

The turntable may be driven continuously at substantially uniform speedby any suitable motor. An electric motor I94, preferably asynchronousmotor, where alternating current is 5 available, isadvantagebusly'employed. The motor I84 may be mounted on the motor board22,

and may be provided with a pinion I95 which meshes with a gear I86carriedby the'turntable. The current for the motor may be controlled bythe switch I91 and when asynchronous motor is employed, it may beconveniently started by manually rotating the turntable up to the normalor a greater speed.

In the modification shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the

75 general phonograph structure andrecord chang- The pin I52 is engagedby a thumb ing mechanism are similar in construction and operation, andsimilar or identical parts are designated by the same reference numeralsemployed in Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive. In this modification the movementsof the player arm to the center of the record and during the removalthereof, are positively effected by the cam 15, the return of the playerarm to initial playing position being efiectedby a spring which isenergized during the removal of the record.

In this modification the outer end of the arm I86 is pivoted at I54 tothe arm 31. The support member 2I is preferably hollow, its lower endbeing closed by a plate I 68 which is provided with a central hub I63which provides a bearing for the shaft 36 and for a hub I64 of an armI51 which is rotatably supported by means of the collar of the arm 31,which is rigidly mounted on the shaft 36. A spring I55 is located aroundthe hub I64, one end I56 being secured to the motor board 22, and theother end of the spring engaging the arm I 51 so as to tend to rotatesame in the counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 10., The armI51 carries a depending pin I I58 which lies in the path of the arm 31and is adapted to cooperate therewith in the manner hereinafterdescribed.

The arm I 51 is adapted to abut upon a pin I59 which may, if desired, beadjustable in position. For example, the pin I59 may be supported in aslot I62 in the motor board 22, and have a threaded upper, portion whichextends through the slot and is engaged by a thumb nut I6I on the upperside of the motor board 22. It will be readily understood that the thumbnut I6I may be unscrewed and the pin I59 adjusted in desired position inthe slot I62 so as to adjust the movement of the arm I51 and themomentum which it supplies to the returning arm I1 and associated parts.

As shown in Fig. 10, means, are provided for the adjustable positioningof the arm I1 so as to accommodate it for playing records of desiredsize. This mechanism comprises a sector I65 which is rotatably carriedby a pin I66 adjacent the under side of the motor board 22. The pin I66extends through a slot I61 in the motor board and is adapted to besecured in desired position therein by means of a thumb nut I68. Theother end of the sector I65 is bifurcated to provide a relatively longarm I69 and a relatively short arm I18, a recess I1I being providedtherebetw'een. The arm I18 is provided with a projecting tooth or catchI12 which overhangs the recess I1I. Adjacent the catch I12 the outersurface of the arm I18 is bevelled asshown at I13 for a purpose whichwill hereinafter appear. The arm I 65' carries stops I14 which limit themovement of the end of an arm I15 pivotally connected at I16 to a radialarm I11 carried by the opposite ,end of 'the sector I65. A weak springI18 is provided which normally presses the edge I19 of the arm I15outwardly to a position beyond the catch I12. The sector. I65 tends tomove in the clockwise direction, as'viewed in Fig. 10, undertheinfluence of a spring I88, which is secured to the arm I11 and to themotor board 22. The arm I69 of the sector I65 is normally held by thisspring in engagement with a vertical rod IBI rigidly secured to thelever. IN. A projection I82 mounted on one of the sectors of the arm '31is adapted to cooperate with the catch I12 and the face I 19 of the armI15. A spring 285 suitably secured to the bell crank lever 42 and to theplate 38 causes the cam follower 88 to follow the cam 11. This spring issumciently strong to efiect the release of the catch I72 against theaction of the spring I89.

The configuration of the cams 15 and 11 difiers considerably from thatdescribed in connection with the modification first described. Thenature of these cams will more readily be understood from the operationof this modifica-- ticn, which will hereinafter be described.

In this modification, the motor I9d, during the removal of a record hasa considerable load imposed upon it. At this period the motor rotatesthe turntable, moves the player arm I1 to move the record over theturntable, and energizes the spring I55. It is, therefore, preferred toprovide the motor with additional power at this time. This mayconveniently be done by providing a suitable resistance I98 in serieswith the winding I99 of the motor I93, which resistance is automaticallyshunted when the increase of power is needed. The shunt circuitcomprises a pair of conductors 299 connected by a switch 2M which iscontrolled by the movement of part of the mechanism. The switch maysuitably be controlled by the movement of the arm I51 an may comprise apair of resilient contact arms 292 and 293 tending to contact with eachoth'er. The contact arms may be mounted on a plate 294 carried by, andmovable with the pin I59. The contact arm 292 is slightly longer thanthe contact arm 293 so that it is engaged by the arm I51, when it abutsagainst the pin I59, and breaks the shunt circuit. When the arm I51begins to move from this position the contact arm 292 makes contact withthe contact arm 293 and the resistance I98 is shunted and the power ofthe motor is increased until the arm I51 returnsto its position inabutment with the pin I59. The portion of the pin I59 within the slotI52 is of square cross-section to maintain the plate 294 and the contactarms in operative position.

The position of parts shown in Fig. 10 corresponds to the commencementof the playing of a record, the catch I12'having been forced clear ofthe projection I82, arm I1 having been lowered into its initial playingposition and being about to be brought into cooperation with the trackof the record by the arm I15, and the arm I51 being in contact with theabutment I59- so that the shunt circuit is broken and normal power issupplied to the motor I94. The bar 82 is in its forward position, andthe pawl 12 is thereby held out of engagement with the notched wheel 69so that the cams 15 and 11 are stationary. As the playing progresses,the arm 31 moves in a clockwise direction as seen in Fig. 10, whichmovement is progressive until the pawl 12 is released and the cams areput into rotation in the manner described above.

During the playing, the lever I95 has been drawn rearwardly somewhat bythe arm 31 and the cam follower I95 is out of contact with the cam 15.When the cam 11 begins to rotate the cam follower 99 rides over a camrise I83 on the cam 11 which raises the player arm I1. Thereafter, thecam follower I95 is engaged by a cam rise I84 on the cam-15 and the arm31 is rotated thereby to bring the elevated arm I1 into position I overthe center of the records 26, as shown in Fig. 9. As the player arm isput into movement by the cam 15, or shortly thereafter, the arm 31contacts with the pin I58 of the arm- I51 and moves it slightly, therebyclosing the switch 2M and shunting the resistance I98 so as to increasescribed. Mter this condition is established, the

aao'moc the power of the motor as above described. While the arm I1 isbeing moved across the record, the cam follower 99 rides over a. camdwell I85 which maintains the arm. I'I elevated. After the arm I! hasarrived at the center of the record, the cam follower 99 passes over acam fall I96 which permits the arm I1 to fall to bring the pin 53 intothe opening 23 of the top record, depressing the pin 21 in the mannerabove decam followers 99 and I riding'on cam dwells I91 and IE9respectively, the cam follower I95 rides over a long gradual cam riseI89 which translates the-arm I1 so as to remove the topirecord anddischarge it into the magazine 56. During this movement the arm 31 isrotated through a wide angle so as to contact with the pin I58 and movethe arm I51 to its extreme position, thereby coiling or energizing thespring I 55. After the record has been translated suf; ficiently toenable it to fall into the magazine 55, the cam follower 99 enters intocontact with the cam rise I98 which has the eifect of elevating the armH to its highest position. The subsequent movement. of the arm I1 intoits extreme position is effected with the arm thus ele- "vated. Thiselevation corresponds to the contact of the cam follower 99 with the camdwell I9I. At the end of the cam rise I89 the cam 15 is provided with aradial fall I92 so that the return of the arm I1 is rapidly effectedthrough the action of the spring I55 upon the. arm I51, which in turnacts through the pin I58 upon the arm 31. When the arm I51 is stopped bycontact with the pin I59, the arm I1 and asso-' ciated parts havesumcient momentum to carry them beyond their. initial playing position.As indicated above, this momentum may, if desured, be adjusted by theposition of the pin I59 in the slot I52. The arm 31 consequently rotatesin a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 10 until theprojection I82, carried thereby, contacts with the beveled surface I13of the sector I85 so as to displace same against the action of thespring I80 to permit the projection to enter the recess Hi. It will beunderstood that the projection I82 also contacts with the face I19 ofthe arm I15 to enter the recess. The spring IBII causes the sector tomove back so as to bring the catch I12 into the path of the 1 projectionI 82.. The arm I15 under the action of its spring I18 forces theprojection I82 into contact with the catch I 12 so as to locate the armI1 in a predetermined position, which is such that the needle is above'a point slightly outside the commencementof the track on the record. Itwill be readily understood that this position is adjustable by means ofthe thumb screw I98 so that the machi'ne may be adapted with great easefor the playing of records of different sizes.

After the cam follower I 95 moves over the cam i fall I92, the camfollower 99 passes over a cam fall I93 which permits the player arm I1to descend to bring the needle 25 into contact with the record. Thedescent of the arm I1 depends I upon the number of records which arelocated upon the turntable I9. The cam follower 99 moves over the camfall I93, being caused to follow same by the spring 295, until the rodI8I moves the sector I65 against the tension of the spring I80.Consequently, when the cam follower 99 approaches the endof thecam fallI93, the projection I92 of the arm 3-1 is released by the catch, I12 andthe player arm is pressed gently by the arm'fli, under the action of the7 spring I", into engagement with the track of the record. It will beunderstood that during the return swing of the player arm back toinitial playing position, the arm 31 engages with the pin 89 and pawl92,.to move the bar 82 into its for- 'ward position. Consequently, whenthe pawl 12 has completed one revolution, it is engaged by thepin M todisconnect the driving connection of the cams. This occurs after the camfollower I9 has moved over the cam fall I93.

' In this modification of the invention also, the cam fall I93 may, ifdesired, lead the cam follower 99 to a position somewhat closer to thecenter of the shaft 63 than it has when it moves over the cam dwell I88,to permit the last rec-.

ord to be played repeatedly, the pin 53 not being maintained out ofcontact with its surface.

Although the invention has been described in connection with thespecific details of the preferred embodiments thereof, it must beunderstood that such details are not intended to be limitative of theinvention, except insofar as set forth in the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. In a phonograph, in combination, a rotatable turntable, a playerarm,means carried by the player'arm for engaging a record in playingrelation, means carried by the player arm for engaging the record toremove same from the turntable, and means for actuating the arm forremoving the record from the turntable.

I 2. In a phonograph, in combination, a rotatable turntable, an armhaving means to engage a record thereon to remove same, means forraising and lowering said arm, and a spring for moving the armtransversely to remove the record, said means and the turntable beingoperatively con- I nected.

3. In a phonograph, in combination, a rotatable turntable, an armhaving. means to engage a record thereon to remove same, spring meansadapted to move the. arm transversely in one direction, and means foralternately raising and lowering said arm and moving it transversely inthe opposite direction, said arm being adapted to move over theturntable in its lowered position during recordremoval so as to causethe record to slide upon the surface therebeneath. Y

4. In a phonograph, in combination, a rotatable turntable, an arm havingmeans to engage a record thereon to remove same, spring means adapted tomove the arm transversely to remove the record from the turntable, andmeans for raising and lowering said arm and moving it transversely inthe opposite direction and reenergizing the spring means.

'- 5. Ina phonograph, in combination, a rotatable turntable, an armhaving means to engage a record thereon to remove same, means foralternately raising and lowering said arm and movplayer arm for engagingthe record to remove same, spring means adapted to move the armtransversely in one direction, and means for al-' ternately raising andlowering said arm andmoving it transversely in the opposite direction;

player arm transversely to '7. In a phonograph, in combination, arotatable turntable, a player arm, means carried by the player arm forengaging a record in playing relation, means carried by the player armfor engaging the record to remove same, spring means adapted to move'the arm transversely to remove the record from the turntable, and meansfor raising and lowering said arm'and moving it transversely in theopposite direction and reenergizing the spring means.

8. In a phonograph, in combination, a rotatable turntable, a player arm,means carried by the player arm for engaging a record in playing relation, means carried by the player arm for engaging the record toremove same, means for raising and lowering said arm and moving ittransversely to remove the record from the table, and spring meansadapted to be energized by said transverse movement for returning thearm to initial position.

9. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a player arm providedwith a sound reproducing element, and operative means for actuating theplayer arm to cause it to engage a record on the turntable, move the armaway from the engaging position to remove the record and return the armto initial playing position.

10. In a phonograph,in combination, a player arm having a needle adaptedto cooperate with the track of a record, 9. depending member mounted onthe player arm, means on said depending member adapted -to-enter therecord opening to engage the record,'and means adapted to swing saidplayer arm transversely to move said record bodily.

11. In a phonograph, in combination, a player arm having a needleadapted to cooperate with the track of a record, a member pivotallysupported on the arm and adaptedto hang below the needle, said memberbeing adapted to be moved out of the way of the needle by the rotationof the record when the arm is lowered in a playing position of the arm,means carried by said member adapted to enter the, opening of a recordwhen the arm is lowered in the central position thereof, and meansadapted to swing said player arm transversely to move said rec- 'ordbodily.

12. In a phonograph, in combination, a player arm having a needleadapted to cooperate with the track of a record, a member pivotallysupported on the arm and adapted to hang below the needle, said memberbeing adapted to be 'ord when the arm *is lowered in the centralposition thereof, yielding means carried by the depending member .tocontact with the recordduring playing, and means adapted to swing saidmove said record bodily. v

' 13. In av phonograph, in combination; a tumtable, a player arm,operative means for removing a played record from the turntable, an armrotatable with the player arm, and provided with a pair of arcuatesurfaces, one of which is cut away to provide a cam surface, a movableelement controlling the drive of said operative means, means carried bysaid element adapted to cooperate with the cam surface and associatedarcuate surface, said means being adapted to engage the cam surface whenthe player arm is returned to initial playing position to move theelement 5 into drive disconnecting position, and a pivoted pawl carriedon said element adapted to engage the other arcuate surface of the armand maintain said position until the end of the playing of the record.

14. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a player arm,operative means for removing a played record from the turntable, an armrotatable with the player arm and provided with an arcuate surface, amovable element controlling the drive of said operative means, and apawl carried on said element adapted to engage said surface to maintainthe element in drive disconnecting position during playing of a record,said pawl being adapted to be released by reverse movement of the arm topermit the element to move into drive connecting position.

15. In a phonograph, in combination, a-turntable adapted to receive aplurality of superimposed records, a player arm adapted to cooperatewith the topmost record in playing relation, a member carried by theplayer arm, a magazine located laterally of, and below the turntable andadapted to receive played records, and operative means adapted toactuate the player arm after playing a record, to elevate same, move itto the center of the record, lower it so that said member carriedthereby enters the central opening of the topmost record, move itlaterally to bring said record into a position where it may move intothe magazine, elevate it, return it to initial playing position andlower it into playing relation with the next record.

16. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a player arm providedwith a sound reproducing element, record engaging means carried by saidarm, means for actuating the arm to cause said record engaging means tosweep records from the turntable, means to return the arm to initialplaying position, and adjustable means for arresting the arm indiiierent positions to accommodate the phonograph for playing records ofdifierent sizes.

' 17. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a motor for rotatingthe turntable, a player arm, means including resilient means forswinging the arm from final playing position back to a position adjacentinitial playing position, a catch for engaging a member swingable withthe arm and holding the arm in said position adjacent the initialplaying position, and means driven from the motor for controlling therelease of the arm from the catch.

18. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a player arm,resilient means for swinging the arm from flnal playing position toinitial playing position, means for elevating and lowering the arm, acatch for engaging a member swingable with the arm, to arrest the swungarm to hold the same adjacent initial playing position, and meansassociated with the means for lowering the arm for releasing the armfrom the catch, said catch being mounted to permit adjustment to adaptthe phonograph to play records of difl'erent sizes. 19. In a phonograph,in combination, a turn table, a player arm, resilient means for swingingthe arm to initial playing position, means for elevating and loweringthe arm, a catch for engaging a member swingable with the arm, to arrestthe swung arm and hold same adjacent initial playingposition, meansassociated with the means for lowering the arm for releasing the armfrom the catch, and resilient means associated with the arm to impartsslight motion to the arm when released so as to push the arm towards thetrack of the record, said catch being mounted to permit adjustment toadapt the phonograph to play records of different sizes.

20. In a. phonograph, in combination, a tumtable, a player arm, a springfor returning the player arm to initial playing position, operativemeans intermittently operated for removing aplayed record from theturntable and compressing said spring motor means for driving theturntable and actuating said intermittently operative means, and meansassociated with said operative means =for increasing the power of themotor means during the record removing operation.

21. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a synchronous electricmotor for driving same, a resistance in series with the winding of themotor, a player arm, a spring for returning the player arm to initialplaying position, operareadily movable in said bore and maintaining aposition therein to which it may be moved.

23. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a pin frictionallyheld in a bore therein and adapted to project above the surface of theturn-- table to pass through the openings of a plurality of recordsplaced thereonand a record removing arm having a pin, means foractuating the record removing arm to apply its pin to the first said pinto depress same, means limiting said depression to approximately thethickness of a record, means for swinging the armto remove the recordfrom the turntable, said first mentioned being readily movable in saidbore and maintaining a position therein to which it may be moved. 24. Ina phonograph, in combination, a turn-- table, a centering'pin adapted topass through i the openings in records placed thereon, said pin beingdepressible from above, a record removing member, means for actuatingsaid member to cause .it to enter the opening of a record and depressthe pin below ,the upper surface'thereof,

means associated with the record removing member adapted to contact withthe surface of said record to limit its entrance into the record openingto substantially the thickness of the top record, said pin beinginclined at its upper end to permit the record to be slid ofi'theturntable, and means formoving the record moving member to slide therecord off.

25. In a phonograph, in combination, a table for supporting records, acentering pin adapted to pass through the openings in records placedthereon, said pin being depressible, and frictional means formaintaining the pin in a plurality of positions.

26. In a phonograph, in combination, a table for supporting records, acentering pin having a convex upper end adapted to pass through theopeningsin said records, said pin being depressible, a. record removingpin, means for causing the-.recordremoving pingto enter into a;recordopening and depress the dep'ressible pin, said record removing pinhaving a shoulder adapted to engage the upper surface of said record andlimit table. being adapted to receive a stack of recordsh'aving centralopenings, said turntable being mounted for rotation in a fixed planeduring the playing oi. the series of records stacked thereupon, a pin inthe center of the turntable, said pin being depressible into the boreofthe turntable for substantially the thickness of the stack and beingadapted to pass through the openings in the records, and a depressingpin, means actuating the depressing pin to cause it to move above theturntable andstack of records, and enter the opening in the uppermostrecord, means for limiting the entrance of the depressing pin into theopening in the uppermost record an amount substantially equal to thethickness of the record, depressing said depressible pin so as torelease only the uppermost record, and to move sideways thereby removingthe ,eleased record from the turntable.

28. In an automatic record changing phono-' graph, in combination, arotatable turntable adapted to carry a series of superimposed records,

turntable and remove it therefrom, leaving the next lower record ready.to be played by said needle.

29. In a phonograph, in combination, a tumtable, a centering. pinadapted to pass through openings in records placed thereon, said pinbeing depressible from above, a player arm adapted to cooperate. with a:record on the turntable to reproduce same, and means carried by theplayer arm adapted to depress the pin.

30. In an automatic phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a motor fordriving same, record changing mechanism driven intermittently from saidmotor, clutch means for connecting said motor to said record changingmechanism, a player arm, means having a smooth arcuate surface movingtherewith, a movable element controlling said clutch mechanism, and apawl carried by said element adapted") engage said surface to maintainsaid clutch means disconnected, said pawl being adapted to be actuatedby reversal of motion of said surface and by passing off said surface toeffect engagement of said clutch mechanism.

. 31. In an automatic phonograph, in combination, a turntable having aspindle provided with an axial bore, a depressible pin in the bore ofthe turntable adapted to center a stack of records thereon, said pinbeing adapted to project through the complete stack of records and beingmounted to permit it to be depressed substantially the thickness of thestack, said turntable being mounted for rotation in a fixed plane duringtheplaying of a stack of records, an arm adapted to move above saidrecord stack and downwardly through said stack position into closepropinquity to the turntable, a magazine located laterally of, and belowthe turntable and adapted to receive played records, operative means foractuating said arm to cause it to move to depress said pin toprogressively lower positions, engage the topmost record of said stackand slide itofl, while all the records 'therebeneath are held centeredby said pin, to raise said arm to a definite height and return same, andmeans controlling the operative means for repeated operation upon therecord next below the topmost record after said next record has beenplayed.

32. A phonograph comprising a sound reproducing element, a turntableadapted to support a stack of records, a motor for rotating theturntable, a depressible pin in said turntable projecting through thecenter holes of said records, an

arm carrying a depressing pin adapted to depress said depressible pin,said arm being. adapted to move downwardly through substantially thethickness of the stack, means associated with the depressing pin forengaging the topmost record to limit the entry of the depressing pin toa dis-- tance substantially the thickness of a record, means forswinging said arm transversely of the turntable while in its lowermostposition to slide off said topmost record, a receptacle adjacent theturntable to receive the removed records, means for raising the arm to adefinite height and returning it to engage the next record, and meanscontrolled by the position of said sound reproducing element withrespect to the uppermost record for initiating the record removingmovements of said arm.

33. In an automatic phonograph, in combination, a record support, amember movable thereabove, a reproducer carried thereby and means forremoving a played record from the support carried by said movablemember.

34. In an automatic phonograph, in combination, a motor, a turntableoperated thereby, a depressible pin adapted to center a stack of recordson the turntable, an arm adapted to swing horizontally above saidturntable, means for swinging said arm vertically to cause it to depressthe depressible pin and engage the center opening of the topmost recordof said stack, means driven by said motor for swinging said arm to slideoff said topmost record from said turntable and means energized by theswinging of said am for returning said arm towards its initial position.

35. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of records, said turntable having a spindle provided with an axialbore, a depressible center pin in said turntable bore adapted to passthrough the holes in the records of said stack and to be depressed stepby step until its upper end is located adjacent the turntable, meansabove the turntable for depressing said pin, means associated with thedepressing means adapted to engage the topmost record and limit thedepression of the pin to the level of the lower surface of said record,all the records below the top record being held centered by thedepressible pin, and means for sliding the top record oil the stack.

36. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of records thereon, said, turntable having a spindle provided withan axial bore, a depressible centering pin withinsaid bore and adaptedto extend upwardly from the turntable through the central openings oftherecords of said stack and to be depressed step by step until its upperend is located adjacent the turntable, a pin movable abpve the stack ofrecords, means causing said movable pin to enter the opening of thetopmost record and depress the depressible pin step by step to free thetopmost records therefrom, and means for moving said movable pintransversely while in said last mentioned position to cause the topmostrec-" ord to slide ofi over the surface therebeneath and thereby eifectthe removal of the topmost record from the stack.

37. In an automatic phonograph, in combination, record supporting means,a depressible pin for centering a stack of records on said supportingmeans, a member including a depressing pin mounted for movement oversaid record supporting means, and actuating means for said member forcausing its pin to depress said deprescausing its pin to enter the holein the topmost record, depress said depressible pin and move laterallythereby sliding said record oft said stack, and means associated withsaid depressing pin ior limiting its entry and the depressing of saiddepressible pin to any substantial degree below the topmost record, saiddepressing pin having a convex lower end.

39. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of records, said turntable having a spindle provided with an axialbore, a depressible centering pin located in said bore extendingupwardly from the turntable through the central openings of saidrecords, an arm movable above said stack of records, a pin carried bysaid arm, means for moving said arm downwardly through progressivelygreater distances causing last said pin to enter the opening of thetopmost record and depress the depressible pin to free the topmostrecord therefrom, and means for moving said arm transversely to causethe topmost record to slide over the surface therebeneath and therebyeiiect the removal of the topmost record from the stack.

40. In a phonograph, in combination, a sound reproducing element, aturntable adapted to support a stack of records, a depressible centeringpin extending upwardly from the turntable through the central openingsof said records, an

arm movable above said stack of records, a pin carried by said arm,means causing said last mentioned pin to enter the opening of thetopmost record and depress the depressible pin to free the topmostrecord therefrom, means for moving said arm transversely to cause thetopmost record to slide over the surface therebeneath and thereby effectthe removal of the topmost record from the stack, and means operable bythe movement of the sound reproducing element into final playingposition for initiating the record removal movements of said am, atleast one of said pins having a convex end.

41. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of records, a depressible center pin in said turntable passingthrough the holes in said records, depressing means above the turntablefor depressing said depressible pin just enough to free the top recordherefrom, all of the records below the top record being held in place bythe depressible pin, means for removing the top record, and means formeans for swinging said depressing means to slide off the topmostrecord, and meansfor elevating the depressing means free of said recordto permit said record to move laterally.

43. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of records, said turntable having a'spindle'provided with an axialI bore, a depressible center pin in said bore passing through the holesin said records, a record removing arm pivotally mounted to swing in avertical plane through the record stack position, means carried by saidarm for depressing the pin and means associated with the depressingmeans adapted to, engage the top record and limit the depressioiidpfthe. pin to the level of the lower surface of said record, all of therecords below the top record being held in place by the depressible 44.In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support a stackof records, said turntable having a spindle provided with an axial bore,a depressible center pin in said-bore passing through the holes in saidrecords, a record removing arm pivotally mounted to swing. in averticalplane through the record stack position, means carried by saidarm adapted to enter the opening of the top record and depress thedepressible pin, and means carried by said arm adapted to engage the toprecord and limit the depressing movement of the arm to free only the-toprecord from the pin, the records below the top record being held inplace by the depressible pin.

45. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of'records, said turntable having a spindle provided with an axialbore, a depressible center pin in said bore passing through the holes insaid records, a record removing arm pivotally mounted to swing in avertical plane through the record stack position and pivotally mountedto swing in a horizontal plane, means carried by said arm for depressingthe pin just enough to free the top record therefrom, the records belowthe top record being. held by the depressible pin, and means for causingthe arm to swing horizontally to slide said top record off the stack.

46. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of records, said turntable having a spindle provided with an axialbore, a depressible center pin in said bore passing through the holes insaid records, a record removing arm pivotally mounted to swing in avertical plane through the record stack position and pivotally mountedto swing in a horizontal plane, means carried by said arm adapted toenter the opening of the top record and depress the depressible pin,means carried by said arm adapted to engage the top record and limit thedepressing movement of the arm to free only the top record from the pin,the records below the top record being held by the depressible pin, andmeans for causing the arm to swing horizontally to slide the top recordoil the stack.

47. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, said turntable beingadapted to support a stack of records and arranged to rotate in a fixedplane during thesucce'ssive playing of recor'ds of the stack, adepressible center pin for said turntable passing through the holes insaid records and adapted to be depressed through a distancesubstantially equal to the thickness of the stack, a. record-removingmember extending above said turntable, means adapted to actuate saidmember to cause it to depress the pin, and means associated with thedepressing means adapted to engage the topmost record and limit thedepression of the pin to the level of the lower surface of said record,establishing for .the top record a condition of freedom to slide withrelation to the records therebeneath, the last said records being heldby the depressible pin against sliding.

48. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, said turntable beingadapted to support a stack of records and arranged to. rotate in a fixedplane during the successive playing of the stack of 'records,adepressible center pin for said turntable passing through the holes insaid records and adapted to be depressed to a position close to theturntable substantially through stack position, arecord-r-emoving armextending above said turntable and operable to remove records from theturntable at various levels, a depressing pin carried by said arm, andmeans. adapted to actuate said arm to cause said depressing pin todepress the depressible pin, means carried by said arm limiting saiddepression so as to free the top record only from the depressible pin,the records below the top record being held by the depressible pin.

49. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable, said turntable beingadapted to support a stack of records and arranged to rotate in a fixedplane during the successive playing of the stack 1 of records, adepressible center pin for said turntable passing through the holes insaid records and adapted to be depressed to a position close to theturntable substantially through stack position, a record-removing armextending above said turntable and operable to remove records from theturntable at various levels, means adapted to actuate said arm to causeit to depress the pin just enough to free the top record, the recordsbelow the top record being held by the depressible pin, and means formoving said arm horizontally to slide off said top record.

50. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable having a spindleprovided with an. axial bore, said turntable being adapted to support astack of records and arranged to rotate in a fixed plane during thesuccessive playing "of the stack of records, a center-pin in said boreof said turntable passing through the holes in said rec- I ords andadapted to be depressed to a position close to the turntablesubstantially through stack position, a record-removing arm extendingabove said turntableand operable to remove records from the turntable atvarious levels, a depressing pin carried by said arm, means adapted toactuate said arm to cause said depressing pin to depress the depressiblepin, means carried by said arm limiting said depression so as to freethe top record, the records below the top record being held by thedepressible pin, and means for moving said arm horizontally to slide offsaid top record.

51. In a phonograph, in combination, a tumtable adapted to receive astack of records, a depressible pin for said turntable adapted toproject upwardly through the holes in said records, a record-removingarm mounted to swing vertically and horizontally, means for elevatingthe arm, a depressing member on said arm adapted to engage saiddepressible pin and depress same within the opening of the top record,

means on said arm for engaging the surface of a record-removing armadapted to swing vertically and horizontally, means for elevating thearm, a depressing member on said arm adapted to engage said depressiblepin and depress same within the opening of the top record, means on saidarm for engaging the surface of the top record whereby the depressingmember frees the top record only, the remaining records being held bysaid depressible pin, and means operative when said arm is in a positionabove the depressible pin to allow same to descend under the influenceof gravity whereby the depressing member strikes the depressible pinwith a forcible impact in order to effect its depression, the arm beingadapted to be arrested at various levels by. said engagement of therecord engaging means on said arm against the surface of the top record.

- 53. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable for supporting astack of records, a depressiblejcentering'pin passing through holes inthe records, a depressing pin movable above said turntable, means forcausing said depressing pin to depress said depressible pin and engagethe ing the successive playing of said records for depressing the pin ina series of steps through a distance substantially equal to thethickness of said stack of records, and means associated with said firstnamed means for'limiting the depression of said pin at each stepsubstantially to the level of the underside of the topmost'record.

55. A phonograph comprising a turntable adapted to receive a stack ofrecords, said turntable having a spindle provided with an axial bore, adepressible pin mounted in said bore and adapted to project upwardlythrough the open-,- ings in said records, record removing means beingmounted for movement above said stack tending to fall downwardly throughthe space occupied by said stack to depress the pin nearly to theturntable, and means on said record removing means adapted to engage thetop record to limit the depression of the pin to a position in which itsupper end is substantially in the plane of the underside of thetopmostrecord.

56. A phonograph comprising a turntable,

adapted to receive a stack of records, said turntable having a spindleprovided with an axial adapted to project upwardly through the 'openingsin said records, a record removing arm movable above said records, meanstending to cause said arm to descend by gravity in the path of said pinthrough the space occupied by said stack to a position adjacent theturntable, said arm being capable of being arrested at a series ofhigher positions by the then topmost record of the stack, and meanscarried by said am for depressing the pin to a position in which itsupper end is substantially in the plane of the underside of the topmostrecord. a i 57, In a record changing phonograph, in combination, asupport fora stack of records, a centering pin passing through holes insaid records, a depressing pin mounted for movement to a plurality 'ofrecord levels for depressing said centering pin, means associated withthe depressing pin adapted to engage the surface of the topmost recordto bring the upper end of the centering A tending through said records,said bore and pin pin'substantially to the level of the underside of thetopmost record, and means resisting the movement of said centering pinbelow said posi-.

tion. 7

'58. In a record changing phonograph, a turntable for supporting a stackof records, a centering pin slidably mounted in a bore in said tumtableand passing through holes in said records, a depressing pin, an abutmentassociated with said depressing pin, said abutment being spaced inwardlyof the free end of said depressing pin a distance substantially equal tothe thickness of a record; means mounting said depressing pin andabutment for movement to a plurality of record levels for engaging theuppermost record of the stack and depressing said centering pin to bringits upper end substantially to the level of the underside of the topmostrecord, and means associated with said centering pin for resisting themovement of said centering pin below said position.

59. In a phonograph, in combination, a turntable adapted to support astack of records, said turntable having a spindle provided with an axialbore, a depressible pin located in said bore exbeing correlated topermit the pin to be depressed into said bore to free at least all therecords of the stack except the lowermost, means above said turntable,to depress said pin and having a limited entry into the opening of thetop record for 7 causing said record to slide 01f the stack.

60. In a. phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a player arm, meansincluding resilient means for swinging the arm fromfinal playingposition back to a position adjacent initial playing position, a catchfor engaging a member swingable with said arm'and holding the arm in.

said position adjacent the initial playing position, motor'means forrotating the turntable and energizing said resilient means, and meansactuated by said motor means for release of the arm from said cat 61. Ina phonograph, in combination, a tumtable, a player arm, means includingresilient means for swinging the arm in one direction from final playingposition back to a position adjacent initial playing position, a catchfor engaging a member swingable with the arm and holding the arm in saidposition adjacent initial playing position, motor means for rotating theturntable controlling the Y and energizing said resilient means, meansactu ated by said motor means for controlling the release of the armfrom said catch, and means cooperating with the arm for biasing the armin the opposite direction into initial playing position whereby the armis pushed towards the track of the record when the armis released fromthe catch.

62. In a. phonograph, in combination, a turntable, a player arm, meansincluding resilient -means' for swinging the arm to a position adjacentinitial playing position, means mounting the playing position, meansassociated with the' means for eiiecting separation and approach betweenthe arm-and turntable for releasing the arm from thecatch, biasing meansfor imparting a slight motion to the member when released 7 so as topush the arm towards the track oi. the

- record, and motor means for rotating the turntable, energizing saidresilientpmeans, and operating the means for eflecting separation andapproach between the arm and turntable.

- EDWARD F. ANDREWS.

a5 arm and turntable for relative vertical movex

